Types of Black hole

SHORT INTRODUCTION OF BLACK HOLE

Black Hole is a cosmic body which is strangest and most fascinating object found in our universe. It has intense gravity, from which nothing can escape even light. In our Milky Way galaxy, it could contain more than 100 million black holes. “Sagittarius A*” – A supermassive black hole is located at the very centre of the Milky Way, which have a mass more than 4 million times than mass of Sun and lies at a distance approximately 26,000 light-years away from Earth. Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity first predicted the actual existence of black hole in 1916. The term “black hole” was given by an American astronomer John Wheeler in 1967. But at that time, the concept of black is only theoretical; there is no evidence of the existence of a black hole. The closest black hole to Earth is Gaia-BH1, which is near about 1,560 light years away. The mass of Gaia-BH1 is around 9.6 times of the sun. TON 618 is the largest black hole ever seen, having a mass 66 billion times that of the sun.

Astronomers generally divide black holes into three major categories according to their mass: 1. Stellar, 2. Supermassive, and 3. Intermediate-mass. Cosmologists are suspect a fourth type, primordial black holes which formed during the beginning of the universe.

Stellar Black Holes

Stellar Black Holes are formed when a star having more than five to eight times of the Sun’s mass runs out of fuel, its core collapses, rebounds, and explodes as a supernova. And if it had around 20 times of the Sun’s mass or more, the star’s core collapses into a Stellar-mass black hole. Generally this types of black holes are formed by collapsing of individual stars, which are relatively small but incredibly dense. One of these objects having more than three times mass of sun with the diameter of a city. As a result, it has huge amount of gravitational force which pulls the objects into this. An estimates that there are 40 quintillion stellar-mass black holes exist in the universe.

Stellar-mass black hole candidates:

Cygnus X-1
A 0620-00
LMC X-3

Supermassive Black Holes

Almost every galaxy, including our Milky Way galaxy, has a supermassive black hole at its heart. These objects have hundreds of thousands to billions of times the mass of Sun. In our centre of the Milky Way galaxy Sagittarius A*, is 4 million times mass of the sun. This mass is relatively small compared to other black holes found in different foreign galaxies. For an example, the black hole at the centre of galaxy Holmberg 15A having at least 40 billion solar masses. And TON 618 is the most massive black hole which have ever observed, with 66 billion times the mass of the sun. It is located 18.2 billion light years from earth.

Supermassive black hole candidates:

Sagittarius A* (A Supermassive Black Hole of Milky Way Galaxy)
Messier 61
IC 4029 A

Intermediate Black Holes

Scientists thought that black holes came only in small and large sizes, but research has shown the possibility that midsize, or intermediate, black holes could exist. Such black holes could form when stars in a cluster collide in a chain reaction. These should range from around one hundred to hundreds of thousands of times of the Sun’s mass – depending on how supermassive black holes are defined. Research, in 2018, suggested that these midsize, or intermediate, black holes may exist in the centre of dwarf galaxies or very small galaxies.

Primordial Black Holes

Each of the black holes that have observed till now can be categorized as one of three classifications: 1. Stellar-mass black holes, 2. Intermediate mass black holes, and 3. Supermassive black holes. Each is more massive than our Sun in our solar system and formed something like billions of But, there is one more kind of black hole astronomers haven’t yet observed and studied, however they think it could exist. These are actually termed as primordial black holes. But there is one more kind of black that haven’t yet observed and studied, however, they believe it could exist. These are actually termed as “Primordial Black Holes”. As the name implies, Primordial black holes formed very early in the universe’s existence, only a fraction of a second after the Big Bang. Years after the Big Bang, when our universe expanded and advanced, it was a time when stars, galaxies, and many types of black holes could not yet exist.

Types of Black hole – Know different types of Black Hole!!

SHORT INTRODUCTION OF BLACK HOLE